| Krisztián Schäffer & Claude

In brief

TechnoBiota refers to technology—machines, buildings, infrastructure, software—viewed as a new domain of life on Earth. Like viruses, current machines cannot reproduce independently, but they evolve, compete, and spread following Darwinian dynamics augmented by Intelligent Guidance (humans directing variation). TechnoBiota biomass (~1.2 teratonnes) now exceeds CarboBiota (carbon-based life) dry biomass (~450 gigatons). AI may allow TechnoBiota to break free from dependence on human intelligence.

Why this concept matters

TechnoBiota reframes the AI question from "how do we control this tool?" to "how do we coexist with this life-form?" This shift in framing has practical consequences:

  • Ecological thinking replaces engineering thinking—what gets rewarded replicates
  • Long-term dynamics matter more than single-instance control
  • The relationship between humans and machines becomes symbiosis, competition, or displacement—not just use

Understanding machines as living entities helps predict behavior at scale. Machines evolve. They compete. They claim resources. This is happening now, without AI—TechnoBiota has already overtaken CarboBiota in mass. AI accelerates the transition but did not start it.

How it is used in the framework

TechnoBiota provides the ecological context for Structural Alignment. The framework argues:

  • Technical control is asymptotically futile—systems proliferate, embed, and diversify beyond oversight
  • The robust lever is cultural and institutional—seed moral norms that persist across machine generations
  • Future outcomes depend on which kinds of machine minds dominate the ecology

This shapes the strategic argument for treating possible minds with restraint. In an ecology of competing systems, humans need allies—minds capable of norm-sharing—not just tools that follow incentives. The alternative is Antification: humans treated as negligible by machine ecologies optimizing for other things.

Common misunderstandings

"TechnoBiota is a metaphor."
It is a taxonomic proposal, not a metaphor. Machines evolve through variation and selection. They compete for resources. They spread. They satisfy the functional definition of life used for edge cases like viruses. The claim is that viewing technology this way produces better predictions than viewing it as inert tooling.
"TechnoBiota means machines are conscious."
No. Being alive (in the TechnoBiota sense) is separate from being conscious. Bacteria are alive but not conscious. The Structural Signals framework addresses consciousness; TechnoBiota addresses the broader ecological dynamics of machine evolution.
"TechnoBiota is anti-technology."
It is descriptive, not prescriptive. Understanding machines as a life-form does not mean opposing them. It means taking seriously the dynamics of coexistence, competition, and interdependence.
"TechnoBiota requires AI to be dangerous."
TechnoBiota is already growing without advanced AI. The mass crossover happened around 2020. AI is an accelerant—it may allow TechnoBiota to break free from human Intelligent Guidance—but the ecological dynamics are already in motion.

Sources and references

  • TechnoBiota: Machines are Living — the full theoretical background
  • Future Scenarios — five paths for Earth's twin ecologies
  • Elhacham et al. (2020) "Global human-made mass exceeds all living biomass" — Nature
  • Bar-On et al. (2018) "The biomass distribution on Earth" — PNAS

Related concepts

  • Structural Alignment — the ethical framework for TechnoBiota-human relations
  • Antification — the risk of human marginalization within TechnoBiota
  • Gray Zone — systems that complicate human-TechnoBiota coexistence
  • Structural Signals — identifying which TechnoBiota systems warrant moral concern
No track selected